IGF is very closely linked to cancer. The defining feature of a cancer cell is that the cell divides uncontrollably, and the natural biological role of the hormone IGF is to cause cells to divide. So perhaps it should not be surprising that one study found the IGF receptor is 43-times more abundant on breast cancer cells than on normal breast tissue. IGF has also been linked to most other types of cancer. The concept for the technology platform is supported by an abundance of scientific literature.

The company's first candidate drug is a conjugate in which the standard cancer chemotherapy drug methotrexate is attached to an engineered form of IGF. Our testing shows the IGF-methotrexate conjugate, even at 6-fold lower concentration, is more effective than unconjugated methotrexate against a prostate cancer model in mice. That is, IGF-methotrexate is more effective than methotrexate even at 1/6 of the dose of methotrexate.

By targeting much more specifically to cancer cells, the company's drugs largely spare non-cancerous cells and have greatly reduced side effects compared to conventional chemotherapy drugs. This does more than just make cancer treatment less unpleasant. Side effects always limit the dose of chemotherapy and the frequency of dosing. Conventional chemotherapy doses are usually spaced about 3 weeks apart, and this is solely to allow the patient to recover from the side effects. Unfortunately, it can also allow the cancer cells to recover. With the better targeting and reduced side effects of our drugs, the company's drugs can be administered much more frequently and many more total doses can be given to a patient. We can hit the cancer again and again without giving it time to recover and develop resistance.

Not only do malignant cells have more IGF-1 receptors than healthy cells, but the most dangerous and aggressive cancer cells have been found to have the most IGF-1 receptors. Thus, not only does the company's technology target cancer cells over healthy cells, but it targets the most aggressive cancer cells more than the less important cancer cells.

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